Based on the principles of synergetics, the article analyzes the role of cultural policy in shaping the national identity of the youth of Tajikistan. The position that there are problems in the formation of national identity in Tajikistan, which are disclosed on the basis of the results of empirical research and statistical data, is argued. Based on the three-level structure of identity, the content and mechanisms for implementing the legislation of Tajikistan in the field of culture are analyzed. It does not aim to consider all the laws. An appeal to the laws is necessary in order to determine which control parameters function in the structure of identity. This allows us to identify not only achievements, but also miscalculations in the formation of national identity. The authors conclude that cultural policy is focused on the past and present, while national identity implies a focus on the future.