TY - JOUR

T1 - Amaranthus Biochar-Based Microbial Cell Composites for Alleviation of Drought and Cadmium Stress: A Novel Bioremediation Approach

AU - Tripti, null

AU - Kumar, Adarsh

AU - Maleva, Maria

AU - Borisova, Galina

AU - Rajkumar, Mani

N1 - The research was funded by the Russian Science Foundation Grant No. 21-76-00011, https://rscf.ru/project/21-76-00011.

PY - 2023

Y1 - 2023

N2 - Metal contamination coupled with aridity is a major challenge for remediation of abiotic stressed soils throughout the world. Both biochar and beneficial bacteria showed a significant effect in bioremediation; however, their conjugate study needs more exploration. Two rhizobacteria strains Serratia sp. FV34b and Pseudomonas sp. ASe42b isolated from multi-metal and drought stressed sites showed multiple plant-growth-promoting attributes (phosphate solubilization, indole-3-acetic acid, siderophore, and ammonia production). Both strains were able to tolerate a high concentration of Cd along with being resistant to drought (−0.05 to −0.73 MPa). The seldom studied biomass of Amaranthus caudatus L. was used for biochar preparation by pyrolyzing it at 470 °C for 160 min under limited oxygen and then using it for the preparation of biochar-based microbial cell composites (BMC)s. To check the efficiency of BMC under Cd stress (21 mg kg−1 soil) and drought, a pot-scale study was conducted using Brassica napus L. for 47 days. Both the BMC5 (Biochar + Serratia sp. FV43b) and BMC9 (Biochar + Pseudomonas sp. ASe42b) improved the seed germination, plant biometrical (shoot and root biomass, length of organs) and physiological (photosynthetic pigments, proline, malondialdehyde, and relative water content) parameters under drought (exerted until it reaches up to 50% of field capacity) and Cd-spiked soil. However, for most of them, no or few significant differences were observed for BMC9 before and after drought. Moreover, BMC9 maximized the Cd accumulation in root and meager transfer to shoot, making it a best bioformulation for sustainable bioremediation of Cd and drought stressed soils using rapeseed plant.

AB - Metal contamination coupled with aridity is a major challenge for remediation of abiotic stressed soils throughout the world. Both biochar and beneficial bacteria showed a significant effect in bioremediation; however, their conjugate study needs more exploration. Two rhizobacteria strains Serratia sp. FV34b and Pseudomonas sp. ASe42b isolated from multi-metal and drought stressed sites showed multiple plant-growth-promoting attributes (phosphate solubilization, indole-3-acetic acid, siderophore, and ammonia production). Both strains were able to tolerate a high concentration of Cd along with being resistant to drought (−0.05 to −0.73 MPa). The seldom studied biomass of Amaranthus caudatus L. was used for biochar preparation by pyrolyzing it at 470 °C for 160 min under limited oxygen and then using it for the preparation of biochar-based microbial cell composites (BMC)s. To check the efficiency of BMC under Cd stress (21 mg kg−1 soil) and drought, a pot-scale study was conducted using Brassica napus L. for 47 days. Both the BMC5 (Biochar + Serratia sp. FV43b) and BMC9 (Biochar + Pseudomonas sp. ASe42b) improved the seed germination, plant biometrical (shoot and root biomass, length of organs) and physiological (photosynthetic pigments, proline, malondialdehyde, and relative water content) parameters under drought (exerted until it reaches up to 50% of field capacity) and Cd-spiked soil. However, for most of them, no or few significant differences were observed for BMC9 before and after drought. Moreover, BMC9 maximized the Cd accumulation in root and meager transfer to shoot, making it a best bioformulation for sustainable bioremediation of Cd and drought stressed soils using rapeseed plant.

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U2 - 10.3390/plants12101973

DO - 10.3390/plants12101973

M3 - Article

VL - 12

JO - Plants

JF - Plants

SN - 2223-7747

IS - 10

M1 - 1973

ER -