Metal industry was developed during long period in Ural region. The first metallurgical devices were noted in the 16th century. However, the first industrial metallurgical plants were founded in the 18th century. Large reserves of useful mineral deposits made it possible to create efficient production of metals. The world best steel was produced in Ural region. However, serf labor led to low productivity. In connection with this, Russian industry was not advanced. Creation of the former USSR allows metallurgists to improve industrial production. During collapse of the former USSR, difficulties arose due to breaking of economic ties. Current recovery of economics leads to modernization of metal industry.