Transesterification of dialkyl carbonates and fluorine-containing carbonates by poly(4-vinylphenol) was studied in order to develop the method for synthesis of polymers containing a carbonate functional group in the side chain. The compositions of the obtained products were characterized by the data of elemental analysis, IR spectroscopy, and thermogravimetry with identification of the decomposition products. Cross-linking of the polymer occurs along with transesterification. The degree of functionalization depends on the composition of the carbonate used. The maximum conversion was achieved when using ethyl 2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropyl carbonate.