The review is devoted to 2,3-heteroannelated chromones. The methods of their synthesis, unlike 2,3-heterothiochromones, were not generalized and analyzed. The systematization of synthetic approaches to these compounds is based on the structure of the used substrate. An analysis of the literature data shows that the most valuable starting substances that are most frequently used for the synthesis of xanthone heteroanalogues include 3-mono- and 2,3-difunctionalized chromones, as well as such precursors of the chromone system as 1-oxohetaryl-2-hydroxy(halo)arenes. Of all the 2,3-heterochromones described in this review, the chemistry of chromonopyrazoles is developed to a highest extent.