The contribution of radioactive cobalt isotopes to the formation of personnel dose load is shown. The sources of cobalt-60 in the technological scheme of the nuclear power plant and the methods to reduce its concentration in radioactive pollution are presented. The features and problems of removal of cobalt from liquid radioactive waste are described. A scheme of ion-selective treatment using sorbents and a COREBRICK filter container is proposed excluding the stage of destructing complex organic compounds of radionuclides. The necessity and possibility of optimizing (radiation protection of condensed radioactive waste) the composition of radiation-shielding materials of filter containers. Purification of liquid radioactive waste from cobalt and cesium radionuclides with sorbents developed at the Scientific Production Enterprise EKSORB is experimentally studied. Keywords: irradiation dose, radioactive pollution, cobalt-60, cesium-137, deactivation, liquid radioactive waste, ion-selective treatment, sorption purification of cobalt and cesium nuclides, container filter, optimization of radiation protection