The development of effective chemical care products for automatic small arms involves the study of the X-ray phase and chemical composition of carbon deposits that form as a result of a shot. At the same time, there is a possibility that different types of firearms, depending on the composition of the primers, the conditions of combustion of the powder and the design features of the weapon, can lead to the formation of various carbon particles with different internal morphology and composition. First of all, this concerns silent weapons with subsonic bullet velocities. Using the methods of X-ray phase and chemical analyzes, the material composition of the soot on the AK-200 and the VSS «Vintorez» silent sniper rifle was studied. The structure and elemental composition of the deposit are estimated, the features of the interphase distribution of elements are revealed. According to X-ray data, the main chemical compounds of AK-200 soot are oxides of copper, lead, tin, as well as potassium tetrathionate. At the same time, the composition of the BCC rifle soot is mainly represented by lead compounds in the form of oxide, dioxide and carbonate. The water-soluble salt in BCC carbon is sodium chloride. Based on the data obtained, the chemical and phase composition is of fundamental importance for the creation of water means for removing carbon deposits from the integrated muffler of the VSS and AK-200 complex. The presence of water-soluble salts (KCl, K2S4O6) in both deposits necessitates the use of inhibited oils after cleaning the weapon.