In this article, the authors investigated the main problems of persons with primary immunodeficiencies in the context of modern socialization and adaptation. The specified group of patients is rather closed, due to the fact that primary immunodeficiencies are orphan diseases about them practically nothing is known to the layman. Therefore, along with personal problems, patients with primary immunodeficiencies experience rejection by society, reluctance of representatives of various social institutions to be involved in solving their vital problems. Along with this, there is a lack of theoretical and applied research on this issue. Empirical research shows that most patients experience problems interacting with other children and educators in the education and upbringing system. And if in the first years of life the main problem of representatives of this group is to ensure a sterile climate in an educational institution, the absence of specialized children's institutions, the absence of medical specialists in the kindergarten, then starting from elementary school, such as the unpreparedness of staff to work with children with primary immunodeficiency, unwillingness to understand a student with primary immunodeficiency on the part of teachers and the lack of specialists who are able to provide medical care.