Constructive solutions to improve the reliability of air-gas systems of piston engines based on the research of mechanical characteristics of the gas flows are presented in the article. Found that crosswise of air-gas channels will reduce the overall level of the local heat transfer coefficient up to 30%. It is shown that the discharge from the inlet pipe of the engine with supercharging a certain part of the compressed air causes a reduction of the local heat transfer coefficient while maintaining the mass air flow. Use in the exhaust system of internal combustion engine effect ejection improves cylinder gas purification compared to traditional systems and reduces the intensity of the local heat transfer up to 20%.