In 2019 the attention of the world community was attracted by the statement made by the Chairman of the People's Republic of China Xi Jinping and the President of the Russian Federation V.V. Putin regarding the advancement of Chinese-Russian relations to the level of “comprehensive partnership and strategic interaction in a new era”. This joint accession is reflected in the following aspects: serious mutual trust between the heads of the two states; new orientation of Chinese-Russian relations; a favorable atmosphere of friendship between the peoples of the two countries; the most important strategic cooperation between the PRC and the Russian Federation concerning the creation of a new type of relationship, etc. All documents signed by the leaders of these states on the basis of mutual agreements require translation into a foreign language, in this case either Russian or Chinese. Such translations are made by professional translators who have a high level of language training, knowledge from other fields of science and life, and extensive practical experience. Carrying out political translations requires the translator to comply with certain rules caused by the differences in languages, cultures of countries, mentality of peoples, ideology of governments, history of states, etc. This article highlights the most significant political documents signed between the People's Republic of China and the Russian Federation in recent years; the definitions of the concept of “translation” proposed by Russian and foreign researchers are considered; difficulties in translating political texts are noted; style characterization of political speeches of famous Chinese leaders is given; the main linguistic peculiarities of political texts are highlighted, and examples with translation and commentary are represented; recommendations for translating political texts are offered.