The monograph is devoted to the study of the development of Russian youth startups. On the one hand, the number of youth start-ups and the volume of their financing are increasing, the scale of the start-up movement of Russian youth is growing, that is, the desire to create their own successful start-up company. On the other hand, neither a sociological nor economic scientific assessment of the nature of the startup movement was carried out. As a result of the systematization of foreign and Russian studies of the start-up movement, theoretical approaches are generalized and author's definitions of the terms “start-up”, “start-up movement”, “start-up community” and “start-up ecosystem” are proposed. The theoretical provisions of the start-up approach have been expanded and the socio-economic provisions of the start-up movement have been developed, containing the causes and degree of inclusion of young people in the startup community. A typology of factors for the development of a youth startup movement has been developed, which affect internal needs and stimulate external rewards of the individual. A methodological approach to assessing the effectiveness of the Russian youth startup movement has been developed. A methodological toolkit for assessing the benefits of successful start-up companies included in the start-up community was developed and a representative parallel sociological survey was conducted (for start-ups and unincluded youth). An empirical informational and research database of new data has been created that allows one to comprehensively characterize the socio-economic parameters and scale of the start-up movement of Russian youth, to comprehensively evaluate state results, costs and effectiveness from involving young people in the start-up movement. An organizational and economic mechanism for monitoring the effectiveness of the development of a youth startup movement has been developed.