Surrogacy is one of the most complex assisted reproductive technologies, both in terms of the interaction of all participants in the process, and in terms of the attitude of society. The motivation of surrogate motherhood, as well as its barriers, have been studied much less than the issues of legal regulation of this process. In addition, the motives of surrogate mothers have been studied much less than the motives of donors of gametes and embryos. The main factor influencing non-surrogate motherhood and its motivation is the legislative framework, which varies from a complete ban on surrogate motherhood in some European countries, to a loyal attitude in developing countries. The review analyzes the main motives of surrogate motherhood: altruism and financial reward, as well as cases of polymotivation. An important aspect of the expectations of surrogate mothers is the hope that the intended parents will tell the child about the participation of the surrogate mother in his birth and that they will be able to keep in touch with the parents and the child after the end of the contract. The main barriers to surrogate motherhood can be considered: the stigmatization of surrogate motherhood in society; negative attitude of the closest environment and family of the surrogate mother; conflict situations in case of multiple pregnancy or diagnosed fetal anomalies; possible risks to a woman’s health and fertility. © 2023, Media Sphera Publishing Group.