This research is devoted to the study of achievement motivation as a mental resource. The purpose of the research is to study the specifics of achievement motivation among students and working professionals. The hypothesis is that the significance of achievement traits depends on the subjective experience. The sample involved students (n = 365 at the age of M = 19.4 y. o., SD = 2.83 y.) and working professionals (n = 206 at the age of M = 28.01 y. o., SD = 5.72 y.). To study achievement dispositions, we used the Achievement Motivation Inventory with 17 subscales (AMI, H. Schuler, 2004). It is determined that gender and social status (student/working specialist) affect the degree of individual achievement traits and the structure of achievement motivation. Working professionals have more pronounced engagement and business orientation, internality and self-control, while students have more competitiveness. There are general trends of grouping achievement traits of personality, as well as specific features of achievement motivation's structure among students and working professionals.