An overview of the joint works undertaken by the specialists of UrFU, Institute of mathematics and mechanics RAS and the Institute of Reactor Materials (IRM) in some areas of the implementation of the optimization principle in radiological protection of the nuclear industry personnel is provided. The effectiveness evaluation and the capacity of routing optimization use when carrying out the works in the unsteady radiation fields (when moving and dismantling the equipment radioactive systems) is made. The analysis is made of the results of the works on homogeneous radiation-protective materials (RPM) composition design and their capacity to implement the optimization principle for the planning of radiation-hazardous works, including the example of JSC “IRM” ion-selective treatment of liquid radioactive waste. The use of the optimization principle for the individual radiation risk management of the JSC “IRM” personnel is analyzed.