In the article, state and municipal employees are considered in the context of their specific economic and professional activity, which allows authors to use the general terminology phrase ‘public servants of the Russian Federation' in the course of analysis. The authors examine the professional stratification of groups of public servants by such criteria as economic and sociocultural resources. In the first part of the article, on the basis of official statistics, the inter-professional stratification of public servants is considered. The paper concludes that the socio-professional group in the structure of modern Russian society is quite high, which is confirmed by high levels of income, education, power and public recognition. The second part is devoted to the analysis of the social status of state civil and municipal employees as part of a group of public servants - intra-professional stratification. The analysis showed that this group is significantly differentiated by such criteria as the scope of authority and income level, which are determined by belonging to the level of service, territory of location and place in the job hierarchy. Gender identity and self-identification of employees also play a significant role in intra-group differentiation.